Knee replacement, also called knee arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure commonly performed to relieve pain and disability in patients with severe arthritis or knee injury. During knee replacement surgery, the damaged or worn out parts of the knee joint are replaced with artificial implants made of metal alloys, high-grade plastics and polymers. The purpose of surgery is to restore function of the knee joint, reduce pain, and improve mobility. Dr. Abhishek Mishra – Orthopedic Surgeon in Varanasi
Here’s an overview of the process:
Preparation: Before surgery, the patient undergoes a thorough evaluation, including a review of the medical history, a physical examination, and imaging tests such as X-rays and MRI scans. Dr. Abhishek Mishra – Orthopedic Surgeon in Varanasi
Anesthesia: Knee replacement surgery is usually performed under either general anesthesia (where you are unconscious) or regional anesthesia (spinal or epidural), which numbs the lower half of your body.
Incision: The surgeon makes an incision above the knee to access the joint. The size and location of the incision may vary depending on the specific technique used and the patient’s anatomy.
Resurfacing: Damaged part of the knee joint, including the end of the femur (thigh bone) and tibia (shin bone), is removed and replaced with metal or ceramic components. The lower surface of the kneecap (patella) may be resurfaced with a plastic component.
Implants: Artificial components are secured to the bone using bone cement or through a press-fit technique, where the implants are designed to encourage natural bone growth into the implant surface while providing stability.
Closure: After implantation, the surgeon closes the incision with stitches or staples and applies bandages.
Recovery: Physical therapy and rehabilitation are important components of recovery after knee replacement surgery. Patients usually begin physical therapy immediately after surgery to regain strength, flexibility, and range of motion in the knee joint.
Postoperative care: Patients usually receive pain medications, antibiotics to prevent infection, and blood thinners to reduce the risk of blood clots. They are also advised to follow specific instructions regarding wound care, activity restrictions, and follow-up appointments.
Knee replacement surgery can significantly improve the quality of life of individuals with knee pain and debilitating mobility issues. However, like any surgery, it carries risks such as infection, blood clots, implant failure, and nerve damage. It is important for patients to discuss the potential benefits and risks of knee replacement surgery with their healthcare provider and carefully follow pre- and post-surgery instructions.
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